A team of marine biologists has identified a new species of perchlet, Plectranthias raki, in the mesophotic coral ecosystems of the Maldives. This discovery was detailed in a study published on January 16 in the peer-reviewed journal ZooKeys.
The researchers conducted deep dives reaching depths of approximately 387 feet (118 meters) near Maldivian atolls, where they observed the elusive fish inhabiting small crevices in reef walls. The species was found at various locations between Rasdhoo and Dhaalu atolls, at depths ranging from 328 to 410 feet (100 to 125 meters).
After capturing specimens and performing DNA analyses, the team confirmed that Plectranthias raki was previously undocumented. The name “raki” is derived from the Dhivehi language, meaning “feeling shy to confront people,” reflecting the fish’s naturally timid behavior.
Morphologically, Plectranthias raki exhibits a pinkish-white body adorned with irregular red-orange patches along its dorsal region, which fade towards the ventral side. The area around its mouth displays a yellow hue. The holotype measures approximately 2.6 inches (6.6 centimeters) in length, with other specimens observed to be slightly larger. Distinctive features, such as its unique coloration and a reduced number of dorsal fin rays, differentiate it from other species within the Plectranthias genus.
The genus Plectranthias comprises 66 recognized species distributed across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. These small, benthic fish typically inhabit deeper reef habitats, feeding on small invertebrates and often seeking refuge in crevices and holes. Due to their diminutive size and cryptic nature, they are underrepresented in museum collections, with many species described from limited specimens.
The discovery of Plectranthias raki underscores the rich biodiversity present in the Maldives’ mesophotic coral ecosystems and highlights the importance of continued exploration and conservation of these lesser-studied marine habitats.
